In India, solar manufacturers mainly use three types of encapsulants: EVA, POE, and newer TPO or hybrid co-extruded materials. EVA is the industry workhorse because it is affordable and offers good clarity, but it can yellow over time and is more vulnerable to moisture and PID, especially in hot and humid regions. POE has become popular for advanced modules like TOPCon and HJT since it provides stronger protection against moisture and PID, along with better long-term reliability, though it costs more and takes longer to laminate. Newer TPO and hybrid films try to offer the best of both worlds, combining EVA’s ease of processing with POE’s durability, but they are still developing and sometimes face supply or consistency issues. Overall, all these encapsulants serve the essential job of shielding solar cells from weather, UV light, and electrical stress, with manufacturers choosing based on climate needs, technology type, and cost-performance balance.