Solar Module

The efficiency of solar cells (or solar modules at large) means the capacity of the item to capture the sunlight falling onto it and convert it into electrician energy. It is calculated by the total electrical output of the solar cells, divided by the incident solar power input under standard test conditions. The figures are then multiplied by 100. Different type of solar cells produce different level of efficiency based on the technologies used. For example mono-PERC cells are more efficient than polycrystalline cells. Similarly, TOPCon cells are more efficient than mono-PERC cells.

Yes, hybrid rooftop solar systems are generally more expensive than normal GTI (Grid-Tied Inverter) based systems because they are designed to do more than just feed solar power into the grid. A standard GTI system mainly converts solar DC power into AC and synchronises it with the grid, making it relatively simple and cheaper. In contrast, a hybrid system can manage solar generation, battery storage, grid supply and backup loads simultaneously. This requires a more advanced inverter, additional battery bank, battery management system (BMS), protection equipment and often smarter energy management software. Batteries themselves are a major cost component, especially lithium-ion batteries, which significantly increase the project cost. Hybrid systems also involve more complex installation and wiring. However, they provide backup during power cuts, better energy independence and the ability to store excess solar power for evening use, which a normal GTI system cannot do.