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Mandvi Saxena
  • 35
Mandvi Saxena
Asked: December 9, 2025
  • 35
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    The General Network Access (GNA) framework came into effect after the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) notified the GNA Regulations on June 7, 2022. The regime establishes a non-discriminatory and flexible mechanism for both renewable and conventional generators to access the Inter-SRead more

    The General Network Access (GNA) framework came into effect after the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) notified the GNA Regulations on June 7, 2022. The regime establishes a non-discriminatory and flexible mechanism for both renewable and conventional generators to access the Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS). It aims to reform grid access by simplifying procedures and improving transparency in transmission planning.

    For renewable energy developers, the framework has been a significant confidence booster. By reducing procedural requirements and enabling long-term visibility of transmission capacity, GNA has made it easier for large renewable projects to inject power into the grid. In essence, the regime offers a more streamlined, predictable pathway for integrating green energy into the national network with fewer bottlenecks.

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Raghu Nath
  • -2
Raghu Nath
Asked: May 11, 2026
  • -2
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    A PCS, or Power Conversion System, is often mistaken for a regular solar inverter, but in reality, it does much more. A standard solar inverter mainly converts the DC electricity generated by solar panels into AC power that can be used in homes, factories or supplied to the grid. A PCS, however, becRead more

    A PCS, or Power Conversion System, is often mistaken for a regular solar inverter, but in reality, it does much more. A standard solar inverter mainly converts the DC electricity generated by solar panels into AC power that can be used in homes, factories or supplied to the grid. A PCS, however, becomes important when batteries are added into the system. It not only converts power, but also intelligently manages the flow of electricity between solar panels, batteries and the grid.

    What makes a PCS different is its ability to handle power in both directions. It can charge batteries when excess solar power is available and later discharge that stored electricity back to the grid or consumers when demand rises. In many ways, it acts like the brain of a battery storage system. Beyond simple power conversion, modern PCS systems also help stabilise the grid, manage peak demand, support voltage and frequency control, and improve the integration of renewable energy. As battery storage and hybrid renewable projects grow rapidly in India, PCS technology is becoming a key part of how solar power is being made more reliable and grid-friendly.

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Chitra Goyal
  • 48
Chitra Goyal
Asked: March 11, 2026
  • 48
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    G12R-based modules are solar panels built using G12R (210R) size silicon wafers, a newer rectangular wafer format developed to improve module efficiency and manufacturing economics. In comparison, M10 modules use 182 mm square wafers, which have been widely used in the solar industry over the past fRead more

    G12R-based modules are solar panels built using G12R (210R) size silicon wafers, a newer rectangular wafer format developed to improve module efficiency and manufacturing economics. In comparison, M10 modules use 182 mm square wafers, which have been widely used in the solar industry over the past few years.

    The key difference lies in wafer size and shape: G12R wafers are slightly larger and rectangular, allowing manufacturers to design modules with higher power output while maintaining manageable module dimensions for installation and transport. Because of this design, G12R modules can deliver higher wattage, better cell packing density, and improved production efficiency, while also helping reduce costs by lowering material usage and improving line utilization.

    These advantages are why many manufacturers see G12R as a next-generation mainstream format, especially as the industry moves toward high-efficiency N-type TOPCon technologies.

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Manorajan Padhi
  • 1
Manorajan Padhi
Asked: January 22, 2026
  • 1
Subramanium S
  • 1
Subramanium S
Asked: January 22, 2026
  • 1
Manohar Lal
  • -18
Manohar Lal
Asked: January 22, 2026
  • -18
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    Juniper Green Energy Ltd has commissioned 60 megawatt-hours (MWh) of its 100 MWh merchant battery energy storage system (BESS) project in Bikaner, Rajasthan, marking its first operational merchant storage asset, the company said on Wednesday. A merchant battery energy storage system (merchant BESS)Read more

    Juniper Green Energy Ltd has commissioned 60 megawatt-hours (MWh) of its 100 MWh merchant battery energy storage system (BESS) project in Bikaner, Rajasthan, marking its first operational merchant storage asset, the company said on Wednesday. A merchant battery energy storage system (merchant BESS) is a grid-connected battery project that operates without a long-term power purchase agreement and instead earns revenue by participating directly in electricity markets.

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NImisha Trivedi
  • 5
NImisha Trivedi
Asked: March 11, 2025
  • 5
Manohar Sharma
  • 6
Manohar Sharma
Asked: December 15, 2025
  • 6
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    In India, solar manufacturers mainly use three types of encapsulants: EVA, POE, and newer TPO or hybrid co-extruded materials. EVA is the industry workhorse because it is affordable and offers good clarity, but it can yellow over time and is more vulnerable to moisture and PID, especially in hot andRead more

    In India, solar manufacturers mainly use three types of encapsulants: EVA, POE, and newer TPO or hybrid co-extruded materials. EVA is the industry workhorse because it is affordable and offers good clarity, but it can yellow over time and is more vulnerable to moisture and PID, especially in hot and humid regions. POE has become popular for advanced modules like TOPCon and HJT since it provides stronger protection against moisture and PID, along with better long-term reliability, though it costs more and takes longer to laminate. Newer TPO and hybrid films try to offer the best of both worlds, combining EVA’s ease of processing with POE’s durability, but they are still developing and sometimes face supply or consistency issues. Overall, all these encapsulants serve the essential job of shielding solar cells from weather, UV light, and electrical stress, with manufacturers choosing based on climate needs, technology type, and cost-performance balance.

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Lovely Yadav
  • 43
Lovely Yadav
Asked: December 10, 2025
  • 43
  • Manish Kumar
    Manish Kumar

    Under the PM Surya Ghar Scheme, there is a cap on the capacity of a solar plant that a residential household can install. In most states, the sanctioned load or household meter capacity determines the maximum permissible system size. The scheme also places a limit on the total subsidy that can be avRead more

    Under the PM Surya Ghar Scheme, there is a cap on the capacity of a solar plant that a residential household can install. In most states, the sanctioned load or household meter capacity determines the maximum permissible system size. The scheme also places a limit on the total subsidy that can be availed. For instance, if a household has already received a subsidy of Rs 78,000 for a 3 kW system, it cannot claim additional subsidy for future system expansion, even if such an expansion is permitted under state power regulatory rules.

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Shubham
  • -3
Shubham
Asked: November 27, 2025
  • -3
  • Solar Faqs Team
    Solar Faqs Team

    No. The Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM) for solar cells, issued by MNRE, does not fully reflect the entire Indian solar cell manufacturing landscape. The list covers only those facilities that have applied for inclusion and undergone MNRE inspections. As a result, newly operationalRead more

    No. The Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM) for solar cells, issued by MNRE, does not fully reflect the entire Indian solar cell manufacturing landscape. The list covers only those facilities that have applied for inclusion and undergone MNRE inspections. As a result, newly operational factories or manufacturers that have not applied for verification may be missing. For instance, in the first ALMM list for solar cells, several notable manufacturers were absent due to such procedural gaps.

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Soubhik Das
  • -5
Soubhik Das
Asked: June 12, 2025
  • -5